Everything about 100th Meridian totally explained
The
meridian 100° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the
North Pole across the
Arctic Ocean,
North America, the
Pacific Ocean, the
Southern Ocean, and
Antarctica to the
South Pole.
In
Canada, the meridian 100° west of Greenwich passes through
Nunavut1 and
Manitoba.
In the
United States, the meridian 100° west of Greenwich passes through
North Dakota,
South Dakota,
Nebraska,
Kansas,
Oklahoma, and
Texas2. The meridian 100° west of Greenwich forms the eastern border of the
Texas panhandle with
Oklahoma (which traces its origin to the
Adams-Onís Treaty in 1819 which settled the border between
New Spain and the United States between the
Red River and
Arkansas River).
In
México, the meridian 100° west of Greenwich passes through
Coahuila de Zaragoza,
Nuevo León,
Tamaulipas,
San Luis Potosi,
Guanajuato,
Querétaro de Arteaga,
Estado de México, and
Guerrero.
In the central
Great Plains of the
United States, the meridian 100° west of Greenwich roughly marks the western boundary of the normal reach of moist air from the
Gulf of Mexico. The type of
agriculture west of the meridian typically relies heavily on
irrigation. Historically the meridian has often been taken as a rough boundary between the eastern and western United States. White settlement, spreading westward after the
American Civil War, encroached in the meridian in the
1870s.
A sign across
U.S. Highway 30 in
Cozad,
Nebraska prominently marks the place where the meridian intersects the routes of the
Oregon Trail,
Pony Express,
transcontinental railroad, and the
Lincoln Highway.
The song "At the Hundredth Meridian" by
The Tragically Hip is about the 100th meridian west, specifically in Canada and how it has traditionally been considered "where the great plains begin."
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